[19], The text consists of twelve books (skandhas) totalling 332 chapters (adhyayas) and between 16,000 and 18,000 verses depending on the recension. [164] The oldest exegetical commentary presently known is Tantra-Bhagavata from the Pancaratra school. OR, Ans: Wilfred Owen was a soldier. Other commentaries include: The Bhagavata has been rendered into various Indian and non-Indian languages. (of actions) having no effect or achieving nothing: 2. Just as the driver of a bullock cart ties ropes through the nostrils of his bulls to control them, the Supreme Personality of Godhead binds all men through the ropes of His words in the Vedas, which set forth the names and activities of the distinct orders of human society [brāhmaṇa, kṣatriya, vaiśya and śūdra]. Questions and answers of the poem "Futility". The second layer of over-arching narration begins as a dialogue between Sukadeva Gosvami and Pariksit on the banks of the Ganges river (narrated by Sukadeva Gosvami to a group of sages headed by Saunaka in the forest of Naimisaranya). यया जनो मुह्यति वेद नार्थम् । [89][90] 'Hamsa' (Sankrit हांस) means 'swan' or 'spirit',[91] and: Consisting of 13 chapters,[94] the twelfth and final canto completes the dialogue between Sukadeva Gosvami and Pariksit on the banks of the Ganges river, and ends with the over-arching dialogue between Sukadeva Gosvami and the group of sages led by Saunaka, at the forest of Naimisaranya. [143], In northern and western India the Bhagavata Purana has influenced the Hari Bhakti Vilasa and Haveli-style Krishna temples found in Braj region near Mathura-Vrindavan. 3. [148] However, the interpretation of Buddhism-related stories in the Purana range from honor to ambivalence to polemics wherein prophecies predict some will distort and misrepresent the teachings of the Vedas, and attempt to sow confusion. In other chapters of the text, Rukmani states, Śuka describes different meditations on aspects of Krishna, in a way that is similar to the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali. Other translations of quoted verses have also been provided for comparison. The mixture of fixed form [the Puranic Characteristics] and seemingly endless variety of content has enabled the Purana to be communicative vehicles for a range of cultural positions... [the] idea of originality is primarily Western and belies the fact that in the kind of oral genres of which the Puranas continue to form a part, such originality is neither promoted nor recognised. Sanyal translation: Sukadeva spoke, - "O King! Usha Sharma (2008), Festivals In Indian Society, Mittal. [162] Bryant summarizes the influence as follows. [14] An oft-quoted verse (1.3.40) is used by some Krishna sects to assert that the text itself is Krishna in literary form. They are bound and scared. The spider, and the insect [109] The Bhagavata asserts, according to Bryant, that the empirical and the spiritual universe are both metaphysical realities, and manifestations of the same Oneness, just like heat and light are "real but different" manifestations of sunlight. Paul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Volume 1, Motilal Banarsidass. Although the demons who take possession of the government are dressed like men of government, they do not know the duty of the government. The earth, air, and space, In his discussion on the issue of varying numbers of verses in translations of the Srimad Bhagavatam, Debroy states: [T]here are unabridged translations [of the Bhagavata] in Indian languages. The Srimad Bhagavatam is the very essence of all the Vedanta literature. Consequently, by the arrangement of God, such demons, who possess great military strength, fight with one another, and thus the great burden of demons on the surface of the earth is reduced. [5][10] As it begins, the forces of evil have won a war between the benevolent devas (deities) and evil asuras (demons) and now rule the universe. Water and fire, After being thrown out of his home by King Dhritarashtra (his older half-brother) for admonishing the Kaurava's ignoble behaviour towards the Pandavas, Vidura went on a pilgrimage where he met other devotees of Krishna such as Uddhava and the sage Maitreya; their dialogues form a third layer of narration. Notable additional layers of dialogue all involve the lila (divine play) of the supreme and transcendental Krishna avatar. From beginning to end, the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam is full of narrations that encourage renunciation of material life, as well as nectarean accounts of Lord Hari’s transcendental pastimes, which give ecstasy to the saintly devotees and demigods. With the main focus on the battles of the demon-devotee Vrtrasura and his armies against the demigods led by Indra, as well as the life of King Citraketu, topics covered include the: यो नामभिर्वाचि जनं निजायां
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