And since Neanderthals were well-adapted to brutishly chilly environments other beneficial skin adaptations will likely be identified. Subscribe to Indiatimes and get handpicked updates based on your interests! And Neanderthals may have already been on the brink. However, it does show that they themselves likely had a range of skin and hair tones. Save up to 70% off the cover price when you subscribe to Discover magazine. Knowing that Neanderthals and modern humans interbred, a minority of researchers now prefer sub-species classifications: Homo sapiens neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens sapiens. Since then, researchers have recovered bones from about 350 Neanderthals, 40,000 to 200,000 years old, from much of Eurasia. Life is the ultimate pyramid scheme after all. Multiple Neanderthal genes affect hair and skin colours, some making them darker and others lighter. Decoding Cuneiform, One of the Earliest Forms of Writing. Neanderthal DNA In Human Skin. (Credit: Elisabeth Daynes/Science Source). But not even sub-Saharan Africans can claim "pure" Homo sapiens status. Because Neanderthals rarely made symbolic objects, like beads, some anthropologists argue they were incapable of symbolic thought or language. After all, everyone reading this descends from thousands of years of beings who decided to have lots of sex–otherwise the lifeguard kicks you out of the genepool. “Neanderthal skin colour was probably variable, as might be expected for a large population spread out over a large territorial expanse,” says Harvati. The bones were human, but not quite: The limbs were thick, the ribs unusually rounded and the partial skull had a protruding brow and oblong shape. The idea proposed is that Eurasians owe their lighter skin tones partially to these interspecies trysts. Other even less likely hypotheses include illnesses similar to mad cow disease, spread through cannibalism. Imagine early Homo sapiens vying to procreate with those individual Neanderthals covered in barnacles. Because of that small 1-3 percentage, around 70% is expressed in your skin. I spent three years in residency learning volumes about the protein keratin and myriad are the skin diseases that have their origin in keratin dysfunctions. But now we have proof that not only did interspecies breeding occur, but most of us carry Neanderthal genes. Some Neanderthal DNA persists today, comprising roughly 2 percent of the genomes of all non-Africans, but it’s generally confined to “junk” regions that do not contain vital genes. Sexual behavior is biologically fundamental to who we are. All rights reserved. Aqueducts: How Ancient Rome Brought Water to Its People, What the Bog Bodies of Europe Tell Us About Ancient Cultures, The Enigma of Peru’s Nazca Lines, Giant Geoglyphs Etched in Desert Sand. Get unlimited access when you subscribe. However, most scholars believe modern humans played a role. Human skin is rich in Neanderthal DNA and it primarily codes for a thing called keratin. It is theorized that the Neanderthals’ genes for paler skin offered an advantage for generating vitamin D from sunlight in comparison to the darker African skin tones at higher latitudes. The results show that many Eurasians have Neanderthal genes influencing hair, skin tone and immune function, which may have helped their African ancestors adapt to the colder, darker conditions of Europe.
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