[34], Charles Sturt led an expedition along the Macquarie River in 1828, becoming the first European to encounter the Darling River. [42], From 1858 onwards, the so-called "Afghan" cameleers and their beasts played an instrumental role in opening up the outback and helping to build infrastructure.[43]. [28] Victoria and Western Australia were also founded "free", but later accepted transported convicts. The Dutch explorer Willem Janszoon landed on the western side of Cape York Peninsula and charted about 300 km of … So he only gets credit for being the first European to set foot on the Australian continent. Aboard ship was the Aboriginal explorer Bungaree, of the Sydney district, who became the first person born on the Australian continent to circumnavigate the Australian continent. But back then it wasn’t called Australia Day, and that’s because Australia was originally called New Holland. [5] William Dampier, an English explorer and privateer, landed on the north-west coast of New Holland in 1688 and again in 1699 on a return trip. Janszoon, however, didn't realise he had discovered Australia. [7] In 1616, Dirk Hartog, sailing off course, en route from the Cape of Good Hope to Batavia, landed on an island off Shark Bay, West Australia. Who or what killed President Zachary Taylor? These early visitors never recorded their visits or had any knowledge of the vastness of Australia. The first Asian people to visit Australia were probably early traders from Indonesia and possibly China and India. He had to spend seven weeks repairing his ship. "[20], Britain claimed territory encompassing all of Australia eastward of the meridian of 135° East and all the islands in the Pacific Ocean between the latitudes of Cape York and the southern tip of Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania). Willem Janszoon was a Dutch explorer who first made landfall on Queensland’s Cape York Peninsula in 1606. In 1770, James Cook sailed along and mapped the east coast, which he named New South Wales and claimed for Great Britain. But this is not correct. A First Fleet of British ships arrived at Botany Bay in January 1788[2] to establish a penal colony, the first colony on the Australian mainland. [32] Previously, the famous Bennelong and a companion had become the first people born in the area of New South Wales to sail for Europe, when, in 1792 they accompanied Governor Phillip to England and were presented to King George III. Seventeen years after Cook's landfall on the east coast of Australia, the British government decided to establish a colony at Botany Bay. His notable voyage took place between 1642–1644, where he also discovered New Zealand, Tonga and the Fiji Islands. Although Captain James Cook discovered the east coast of Australia in 1770, he arrived 164 years too late to claim this honour (or 20,000 years too late if you ask the Australian indigenous community! The Dingo, the wild dog of Australia, may have first arrived in Australia about 5,000 years ago during such a visit. Portuguese sailors travelling to and from Timor and other islands around Indonesia were probably the first Europeans to see Australia. He then went on to chart the eastern coastline of Australia. Who? Go Here. [3], Dutch explorers, in 1606, made the first recorded European sightings and first recorded landfalls of the Australian mainland. Over time this unknown land came to be referred to as Terra Australis Incognita meaning the Unknown Southern Land. Surveyors also acted as explorers and the colonies sent out expeditions to discover the best routes for lines of communication. Would you also believe me if I said that he’s not the reason we celebrate Australia Day? This contact was sporadic and inconsequential. Their official mission was supposed to be to make astronomical observations, but Captain Cook also had secret orders from the British Admiralty to find the southern continent. The British Parliament set the northern boundary at the parallel of latitude 26° South, because they believed that was the limit of effective control of territory that could be exercised by a settlement founded on the shores of Gulf St Vincent. The Aboriginals were the first people to arrive in Australia. A camp was set up and the flag raised at Sydney Cove, Port Jackson, on 26 January 1788,[16] a date which became Australia's national day, Australia Day.
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