The Richter scale was defined in 1935 for particular circumstances and instruments; the particular circumstances refer to it being defined for Southern California and "implicitly incorporates the attenuative properties of Southern California crust and mantle." This is because the Mercalli scale relies on witnesses to report about the earthquake, so t… The familiar Richter scale (which is not a physical device but rather a mathematical formula) is no longer widely used by scientists or the media to report an earthquake's size. An earthquake radiates energy in the form of different kinds of seismic waves, whose characteristics reflect the nature of both the rupture and the earth's crust the waves travel through. A … From 1935 until 1970, the earthquake magnitude scale was the Richter scale, a mathematical formula invented by Caltech seismologist Charles Richter to compare quake sizes. Determination of an earthquake's magnitude generally involves identifying specific kinds of these waves on a seismogram, and then measuring one or more characteristics of a wave, such as its timing, orientation, amplitude, frequency, or duration. Additional adjustments are made for distance, kind of crust, and the characterist… Magnitude: Earthquake Effects: Estimated Number Each Year: 2.5 or less: Usually not felt, but … The Mercalli scale measures the intensity of an earthquake by quantifying the effects of an earthquake on the Earth's surface. The Richter scale is an outdated method for measuring magnitude that is no longer used by the USGS for large, teleseismic earthquakes. The first widely-used method, the Richter scale , was developed by Charles F. Richter in 1934. Invented in 1902 by Giuseppe Mercalli, the Mercalli scale isn't considered as scientific as the Richter scale. Although values measured for earthquakes now are Mw , they are frequently reported by the press as Richter values, even for earthquakes of magnitude over 8, when the Richter scale becomes meaningless. The Richter Scale was replaced because it worked largely for earthquakes in Southern California, and only those occurring within about 370 miles of seismometers. The scale was replaced in the 1970s by the moment magnitude scale (MMS, symbol Mw ); for earthquakes adequately measured by the Richter scale, numerical values are approximately the same. Based on human reactions, natural objects and man-made structures, the Mercalli scale rates earthquakes on a scale of 1 to 12, with 1 denoting that nothing was felt and 12 denoting total destruction. The Richter scale measures the largest wiggle (amplitude) on the recording, but other magnitude scales measure different parts of the earthquake. The Richter scale measures the magnitude of an earthquake (how powerful it is). The particular instrument used would become saturated by strong earthquakes and unable to record high values. It used a formula based on amplitude of the largest wave recorded on a specific type of seismometer and the distance between the earthquake and the seismometer. There are a number of ways to measure the magnitude of an earthquake. It is measured using a machine called a seismometer which produces a seismograph.

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